Katarakty (z\u00e1kaly)s\u00fa naj\u010dastej\u0161ie o\u010dn\u00e9 ochorenia u\u00a0Austr\u00e1lsky ov\u010diakov. M\u00f4\u017eu vznika\u0165 aj z\u00a0in\u00e9ho d\u00f4vodu, ako genetick\u00e9ho ( in\u00e9 ochorenia, zranenia, nutri\u010dn\u00e9 disbalancie), ale tieto in\u00e9 pr\u00ed\u010diny nie s\u00fa \u010dast\u00e9 a\u00a0nemali by by\u0165 pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za jedin\u00fa pr\u00ed\u010dinu. Ak m\u00e1te pochybnosti, konzultujte to s\u00a0veterin\u00e1rnym oftalmol\u00f3gom.\u00a0 Vroden\u00e9 katarakty s\u00fa obojstrann\u00e9, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee postihuj\u00fa obe o\u010di, ale nemusia sa objavi\u0165 v\u00a0rovnakom \u010dase. Ak sa katarakta objav\u00ed na jednom oku, je dobr\u00e9 za 6 mesiacov\u00a0 a\u017e rok skontrolova\u0165 aj druh\u00e9 oko, \u010di neza\u010d\u00edna aj na druhom oku. Heredit\u00e1rne katarakty s\u00fa progres\u00edvne (zhor\u0161uj\u00face sa) ochorenia, ktor\u00e9 za\u010dinaj\u00fa ako drobn\u00e9 opacity ( miesta so zhor\u0161enou priezra\u010dnos\u0165ou) a\u00a0kon\u010dia \u00fapln\u00fdm prekryt\u00edm \u0161o\u0161ovky.\u00a0 Psi s\u00a0generalizovanou kataraktou, nie s\u00fa schopn\u00ed rozozna\u0165 ni\u010d, okrem extr\u00e9mneho svetla a\u00a0tmy.Katarakty nie s\u00fa bolestiv\u00e9 a\u00a0zvy\u010dajne progreduj\u00fa dostato\u010dne pomaly, aby si pes zvykol na postupn\u00fa stratu zraku. U\u00a0Austr\u00e1lskych ov\u010diakov (AUO) sa katarakty takmer nikdy nevyskytuj\u00fa u\u00a0\u0161teniatok.\u00a0 Prv\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky sa objavuj\u00fa u\u00a0dospel\u00fdch psov, aj ke\u010f m\u00f4\u017eu za\u010d\u00edna\u0165 u\u017e u\u00a0dospievaj\u00facich psov, a\u00a0nemusia sa prejavi\u0165 ani u\u00a0star\u00fdch psov. Toto \u0161irok\u00e9 rozmedzie n\u00e1stupu prv\u00fdch pr\u00edznakov rob\u00ed\u00a0 ochorenie \u0165a\u017eko predv\u00eddate\u013en\u00e9 a\u00a0eliminovate\u013en\u00e9. Postihnut\u00e9 psi\u00a0 s\u00fa \u010dasto vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v\u00a0chove sk\u00f4r, ako si majite\u013e v\u0161imne n\u00e1stup ochorenia.<\/p>\n
Katarakty s\u00fa klasifikovan\u00e9 pod\u013ea toho, kde na \u0161o\u0161ovke za\u010dina ochorenie. \u0160o\u0161ovka je okr\u00fahla pri poh\u013eade spredu alebo zozadu, ten\u0161ia v\u00a0strede a\u00a0mierne hrubn\u00faca smerom k \u00a0vonkaj\u0161\u00edm okrajom. Predn\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 sa naz\u00fdva anteri\u00f3rna, zadn\u00e1 posteri\u00f3rna. Vo vn\u00fatri je jadro, zvonku kortex a\u00a0vonkaj\u0161\u00ed okraj je equator. Stred \u0161o\u0161ovky je pol\u00e1rne miesto.\u00a0 Tak\u017ee ak pes m\u00e1 posteri\u00f3rny pol\u00e1rny kortik\u00e1lny z\u00e1kal, ten sa formuje na zadnej strane jadra na vonkaj\u0161ej vrstve. To je miesto, kde za\u010dina najviac katar\u00e1kt u\u00a0AUO.<\/p>\n
Sp\u00f4sob dedi\u010dnosti u\u00a0v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny katar\u00e1kt u\u00a0AUO je dominantn\u00fd s\u00a0nekompletnou penetr\u00e1ciou, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nie ka\u017ed\u00fd pes s\u00a0mut\u00e1ciou bude ma\u0165 kataraktu.\u00a0 Takisto extr\u00e9mne var\u00edruje vek n\u00e1stupu prv\u00fdch pr\u00edznakov. Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee niektor\u00ed psi, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa \u00a0alebo by mohli by\u0165 postihnut\u00ed, nie s\u00fa detekovan\u00ed, lebo zomr\u00fa sk\u00f4r, alebo majite\u013e prestane robi\u0165 vy\u0161etrenia o\u010d\u00ed sk\u00f4r, ako sa katarakta rozvinie.<\/p>\n
Vznik mo\u017enosti vykon\u00e1va\u0165 DNA testovanie na jednu formu vroden\u00fdch katar\u00e1kt v\u00a0roku 2008, by mohlo pom\u00f4c\u0165 zredukova\u0165 frekvenciu v\u00fdskytu u\u00a0AUO. T\u00e1to mut\u00e1cia na g\u00e9ne naz\u00fdvanom HSF4 je sp\u00e1jan\u00e1 so 70% dedi\u010dn\u00fdch katar\u00e1kt u\u00a0AUO.\u00a0 Je to len rizikov\u00fd faktor, nie ka\u017ed\u00fd pes s\u00a0mut\u00e1ciou dostane kataraktu. Mut\u00e1cia je dominantn\u00e1, tak\u017ee psi aj s\u00a0jednou k\u00f3piou dominantnej alely, maj\u00fa vy\u0161\u0161ie riziko, \u017ee ohorej\u00fa niekedy po\u010das ich \u017eivota. Psi s\u00a0mut\u00e1ciou, ktor\u00ed ostan\u00fa zdrav\u00ed, daj\u00fa svoju mut\u00e1ciu na potomstvo, ktor\u00e9 tie\u017e bude ma\u0165 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko postihnutia kataraktou.\u00a0 T\u00e1to mut\u00e1cia je extr\u00e9mne \u010dast\u00e1 u\u00a0AUO: pribli\u017ene jeden zo \u0161tyroch AUO ju m\u00e1. Preto\u017ee je to tak \u010dast\u00e9, eliminovanie v\u0161etk\u00fdch postihnut\u00fdch z\u00a0chovu nie je \u00faplne ide\u00e1lne rie\u0161enie.<\/p>\n
Preto\u017ee HSF4 mut\u00e1cia je len rizikov\u00fd faktor, a\u00a0preto\u017ee s\u00fa aj heredit\u00e1rne katarakty, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 mut\u00e1ciou HSF4, v\u0161etky chovn\u00e9 zvierat\u00e1 by mali by\u0165 vy\u0161etren\u00e9 aj veterin\u00e1rnym oftalmol\u00f3gom.<\/p>\n
Doporu\u010denie pre chov:<\/p>\n
–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Psi s\u00a0kataraktou sa v\u00a0chove nesm\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165<\/p>\n
–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Psi s\u00a0jednou k\u00f3piou HSF4 mut\u00e1cie sa m\u00f4\u017eu kr\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 len s\u00a0jedincami geneticky otestovan\u00fdmi ako \u201e clear\u201c<\/p>\n
–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ak m\u00e1 pes dve k\u00f3pie HSF 4 mut\u00e1cie, je lep\u0161ie pou\u017ei\u0165 v\u00a0chove jeho s\u00farodenca, ktor\u00fd je\u201c clear\u201c alebo s\u00a0jednou k\u00f3piou mut\u00e1cie.\u00a0 Ak je v\u00a0chove pou\u017eit\u00fd pes s\u00a0dvoma k\u00f3piami mut\u00e1cie HSF4, mus\u00ed by\u0165 kr\u00ed\u017een\u00fd len s\u00a0jedincom \u201e clear\u201c<\/p>\n
–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prvostup\u0148ov\u00ed pribuzn\u00ed ( rodi\u010dia, potomkovia, pln\u00fd alebo polos\u00farodenci)\u00a0 s\u00a0HSF4 \u201eclear\u201c jedincom, ktor\u00e9mu bola diagnostikovan\u00e1 katarakta m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 kr\u00ed\u017een\u00ed iba s\u00a0HSF4 \u201e clear\u201c jedincom, ktor\u00fd nem\u00e1 v \u201erodinnej\u201c anamn\u00e9ze HSF4 mut\u00e1ciu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Katarakty (z\u00e1kaly)s\u00fa naj\u010dastej\u0161ie o\u010dn\u00e9 ochorenia u\u00a0Austr\u00e1lsky ov\u010diakov. M\u00f4\u017eu vznika\u0165 aj z\u00a0in\u00e9ho d\u00f4vodu, ako genetick\u00e9ho ( in\u00e9 ochorenia, zranenia, nutri\u010dn\u00e9 disbalancie), ale tieto in\u00e9 pr\u00ed\u010diny nie s\u00fa \u010dast\u00e9 a\u00a0nemali by by\u0165 pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za jedin\u00fa pr\u00ed\u010dinu. Ak m\u00e1te pochybnosti, konzultujte to s\u00a0veterin\u00e1rnym…Read More…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-177","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chsseychely.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/177","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chsseychely.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chsseychely.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chsseychely.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chsseychely.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=177"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.chsseychely.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/177\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":195,"href":"https:\/\/www.chsseychely.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/177\/revisions\/195"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chsseychely.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=177"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}